- Worked - Yup. As a regular employee, I still have some work to do (MWF) since the whole Holy Week was not a public "holyday" and as an online worker, for Love, no work a day means no payment for hourly work of an online job.
- Bought groceries. - In anticipation of a "closure" of malls during the Maundy Thursday and Good Friday celebration, stock of groceries were needed.
- Watched Game of Thrones Season 1 to 3 and Episodes 1 and 2 of Season 4 - Opted to watched this TV series since it was already in my external hard drive. I saw the first episodes of Season 1 while traveling before and I got curious so I downloaded it. Since last year.
- Jogged up to Lourdes Grotto in Baguio -
Able to visit, finally, one of the famous landmarks in Baguio City.
Our Lady of Lourdes Grotto in the background - Ate Buttered Chicken, Good Taste Rice, Fish Fillet with Vegetables and 1 pitcher Ice Tea at Good Taste Restaurant - After jogging, had a "full" breakfast at one of the well-known and "affordable" restaurants in Baguio City.
- Updated the12list.com website by adding Related Posts and Recent Posts - Of course, the week will not be complete if this site was not updated. Daily. Religiously.
- Watched Season 1 of Orphan Black - Since we were done with the Game of Thrones, decided to watched another TV series I have downloaded last year.
- Jogged until the summit of Mount Santo Tomas -
My second time to visit the summit of Mount Santo Tomas near Mount Cabuyao
Part of Mt. Sto. Tomas / Mount Santo Tomas
in Tuba, Benguet and the roads are almost "all" finished and cemented. My first time there was during the 3rd Baguio 21K Run with 32K added last year by the organizers, Renderfarm Graphics.
Part of Mt. Cabuyao / Mount Cabuyao - Ate Boodle Fight (599-peso meal good for 5-6 persons), 1 Leche Flan, and 5 Large Ice Tea at "Luto ni Juan" -
After descending with Love (a veteran Mount Santo Tomas visitor) and her sisters (who were neophyte ascenders in Mount Santo Tomas), we rode on a jeepney (Apugao-Baguio, 14-peso fare) and had a luscious lunch at Luto Ni Juan, a new restaurant in Baguio City and all of us were first-timers there.
Boodle Fight leftover :D - Mass at Baguio Cathedral -
Holy Week celebration will not be complete without attending a mass at Baguio City's famous cathedral, "Our Lady of Atonement Cathedral" which is also one of the city's famous landmarks.
Palm Sunday at Baguio Cathedral / Our Lady of Atonement Cathedral - Watched Season 1 of Da Vinci's Demons - Another TV series watched instead of watching downloaded movies.
- Answered Quizzes at Coursera.Org - And I was able to finished the quizzes for my Organizational Analysis course in Coursera.
About Coursera
Showing posts with label holy week. Show all posts
Showing posts with label holy week. Show all posts
Tuesday, April 29, 2014
12 Activities During Holy Week
Sunday, April 20, 2014
Easter Sunday
- The holiest day of the entire year which is a commemoration of the resurrection of Jesus Christ and is considered as a rebirth of Christianity.
- Latin Catholics greet each other with the words of Luke 24:34, "Surrexit Dominus vere, alleluia!" ("The Lord is risen indeed!"). The person so greeted responds, "Et apparuit Simoni, alleluia!" ("And hath appeared unto Simon!").
- Based on the Bible, Jesus was resurrected on the first day of the week, Sunday (Matthew 28:1; Mark 16:2,9; Luke 24:1; John 20:1,19).
- Easter Sunday is a movable feast day celebrated on the first Sunday following the Paschal Full Moon (PFM) date for the year or a full moon after the vernal equinox on March 21 and it usually falls between March 22 and April 25 every year. In June 325 A.D. astronomers approximated astronomical full moon dates for the Christian church, calling them Ecclesiastical Full Moon (EFM) dates. From 326 A.D. the PFM date has always been the EFM date after March 20 (which was the equinox date in 325 A.D.). Orthodox Christians use the Julian calendar to calculate when Easter will occur and typically celebrate the holiday a week or two after the Western churches, which follow the Gregorian calendar.
- The earliest references of the festival celebration dates back to the 2nd century wherein many controversies arose regarding the celebration of this festival. The first controversy was when Bishop Victor tried to punish bishops of Asia largely pertaining to the dates of the festival and the rights of celebrating the festival. The second controversy arose in the 4th century, when a large majority was unhappy and considered it an offense to consult the Jews for following the Hebrew calendar for the festival date but this controversy was promptly resolved by the First Council when it was decided that the festival would be celebrated through independent computations leading to the day that it was celebrated on the first Sunday after the first moon after March 21.
- The festival marks the end of Lent, which is a 40-day fasting period in Western Christianity.
- Easter Sunday is typically the most well-attended Sunday service of the year for Christian churches.
- According to some sources, a seventy-century English monastic historian by the name of Bede, wrote that the word "Easter" was derived from the name of an ancient Anglo-Saxon or Teutonic goddess Eostre (pronounced yo'ster), who was associated with spring and fertility and an annual spring festival was held in her honor in pagan times.
- Other sources claimed that Easter traced its origin from the Latin term hebdomada alba, or white week, an ancient reference to Easter week and the white clothing donned by people who were baptized during that time. Through a translation error, the term later appeared as esostarum in Old High German, which eventually became Easter in English.
- In many European languages Easter means Passover. (Spanish, Pascua; French, Paques; Greek and Latin, Pascha; Italian, Pasqua). These words traced back its origins to an Aramaic form of the Hebrew term, "Pesach" which means "Passover" and historically Jesus’ crucifixion and resurrection occurred after he went to Jerusalem to celebrate Passover which is a Jewish festival commemorating the ancient Israelites’ exodus from slavery in Egypt. During the first three centuries of the Church, Pasch referred specifically to the celebration of Christ's passion and death; by the end of the fourth century, it also included the Easter Vigil; and by the end of the fifth century, it referred to Easter itself. Pascha eventually came to mean Easter.
- Many Christian churches choose to refer to Easter Sunday as Resurrection Day because of Easter's pagan origins and also because of the commercialization of Easter.
- A very popular symbol given during this day is an Easter egg symbolizing resurrection or the time Jesus emerged from the tomb to everlasting life.
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| Easter Eggs by Jan Kameníček |
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Saturday, April 19, 2014
Black Saturday
- Holy Saturday is a commemoration of the day that Jesus Christ lay in the tomb after his death.
- Holy Saturday is the final day of Lent, Holy Week, and Easter Triduum which are the three days (Holy Thursday, Good Friday, and Holy Saturday) immediately preceding Easter Sunday.
- It is referred to as Eastern Even (Easter Eve) among Anglicans and Filipinos refer to it as Black Saturday.
- It is referred by the Eastern Orthodox Christians as The Great Sabbath because Jesus "rested" in the tomb on this day.
- Holy Saturday was also known as Great or Grand Saturday, as well as the Angelic Night.
- It is also known as Sábado de Gloria or "Saturday of [the] Gloria", a Spanish name coming from the fact that the Gloria is sung for the first time since Ash Wednesday during the Easter Vigil.
- It is also known as the Easter Vigil which is a name more properly applied to the Mass on Holy Saturday night which starts by the lighting of the Paschal candle symbolizing people getting out of the darkness into the celebration of the Easter vigil. The candle is made of white wax and is marked with an alpha and an omega crosses (the first and last letters of the Greek alphabet) symbolizing that Jesus Christ has, and always will be with humanity, and is with humanity now, according to Christian belief. The Easter Vigil ceremonies, the blessing of new fire and the lighting of the Easter candle were performed earlier and earlier which eventually were performed on Holy Saturday morning beginning eight century in the Middle Ages and it now became little more than an anticipation of the Easter Vigil. A reform of the Holy Week liturgies in 1956 returned the Easter Vigil ceremonies to originally to celebration of Mass after sundown on Holy Saturday. Also, on Holy Saturday the Eucharist is only given to the faithful as viaticum—that is, only to those in danger of death, to prepare their souls.
- There is no Mass during Holy Saturday and the Easter Vigil Mass that takes place after sundown on Holy Saturday is an Easter Sunday celebration, since liturgically, each day begins at sundown on the previous day. (That is why Saturday vigil Masses can fulfill our Sunday Duty.) Easter Vigil originated back to when Jesus’ followers spent the day waiting after his crucifixion on Good Friday and it is also known as the day when Roman governor Pontius Pilate instructed guards to be posted at the tomb to prevent Jesus’ followers from removing the body to claim that he had risen from the dead.
- In the early Church it was the only Saturday on which fasting was permitted as noted in the Catholic Encyclopedia and some sources declared that during the first century CE and by second century, Christians observed a total fasting for 40 hours before Easter Sunday sunrise but a 1969 revision of the rules for fasting and abstinence, strict fasting and abstinence continued to be practiced on Holy Saturday morning leading to a reminder to the faithful about the sorrowful nature of Holy Saturday and that it is a preparation for the joy of Easter feast.
- Historically, it was a major day for baptisms in the early church wherein many Christians gathered on the afternoon of Holy Saturday to pray and to confer the Sacrament of Baptism on catechumens which are converts to Christianity who had spent Lent preparing to be received into the Church. As noted in the Catholic Encyclopedia, in the early Church, "Holy Saturday and the vigil of Pentecost were the only days on which baptism was administered."
- Holy Saturday is known as Judas Day in Mexico where people burn effigies of Judas Iscariot for betraying Jesus for 30 pieces of silver and it is also known as White Saturday in Czech and there is a custom to rattle keys and burn out Judas by burning the last of the holy oil before the church door.
- There are also some early Christian legends recounting how the "Harrowing of Hell" occurred on this day wherein Jesus is supposed to have visited hell to rescue the many just and good non-Christians held there while his body lay in the tomb.
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| Harrowing of Hell © José Luiz Bernardes Ribeiro / |
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Friday, April 18, 2014
Good Friday
- Good Friday is a day of commemoration of the passion, suffering and death on the cross of Jesus Christ.
- Good Friday is also called Feria VI in Parasceve (Latin: paraskeue or preparation which is the preparation that was made on the sixth day for the Sabbath which can be read in Mark 15:42) in the Roman Missal.
- Good Friday is also called he hagia kai megale paraskeue or the Holy and Great Friday in the Greek Liturgy.
- Good Friday is Holy Friday in Romance Languages.
- Good Friday is Charfreitag or Karfreitag or Sorrowful Friday or Black Friday in German.
- Good Friday is a development from an older name, “God’s Friday”or "Gottes Freitag" and it is from the German "Gute Freitag".
- Good Friday is called Long Friday by the Anglo-Saxons which is how it is still known in Denmark.
- Good Friday is called the "Great Friday" by many Orthodox Christians.
- Good Friday is "Good" not because of the suffering and death of Jesus but it appropriately marked the dramatic culmination of God’s plan to save all sinners from their sins.
- Good Friday is a day wherein many people attend church services and take part in the Acts of Reparation to Jesus Christ or the Station of the Cross and there are also re-enactments of the penance of Jesus Christ by going as far as crucifying themselves on the cross. The practice of crucifixion is a form of cruel and disgraceful method of execution which first began among the Persians and Alexander the Great introduced the practice to Egypt and Carthage and the Romans have possibly learned it from the Carthaginians.
- Good Friday mass is called the Mass of the Presanctified because Communion which had already been consecrated on Holy Thursday is given to the people and Good Friday masses are held before 3pm or 15:00 symbolizing the time that Jesus Christ died on the cross and people observe at 3pm a moment of silence and solemnity.
- Good Friday also developed the practice of Adoration of the Cross which was adopted in the 7th century by the Church in Rome from the Church in Jerusalem where a fragment of wood believed to be the Lord's cross, discovered by St. Helen (mother of emperor Constantine) while on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem in 326, had been venerated every year on Good Friday since the 4th century.
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| Crucifixion by Gabriel Wüger (1829–1892) |
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Thursday, April 17, 2014
Maundy Thursday
- Maundy Thursday is also known as Holy Thursday, Covenant Thursday, Great and Holy Thursday, Sheer Thursday and Thursday of Mysteries.
- It commemorates the Maundy and Last Supper of Jesus Christ with the Apostles as described in the Canonical gospels.
- The word “Maundy” comes from the Latin word for commandment or mandatum, which Jesus talked about when he told his disciples that he was leaving them a new commandment which is to love one another.
- It is the fifth day of Holy Week, and is preceded by Holy Wednesday and followed by Good Friday.
- The date is always inclusive between 19 March and 22 April but these dates fall on different days depending on the liturgical calendar use base on Gregorian or Julian calendar.
- Eastern churches generally use the Julian calendar and so celebrate this feast throughout the 21st century between 1 April and 5 May in the more commonly used Gregorian calendar.
- The name Maundy Thursday is more common today among Protestants than among Catholics who tend to use Holy Thursday while Eastern Catholics and Eastern Orthodox refer to Maundy Thursday as Great and Holy Thursday.
- It is the beginning of a three-day celebration of Easter which is the most important time in the year for Christians and this period is called The Triduum which is a commemoration of the last supper, the crucifixion and the death of Jesus, and the Resurrection to new life (the passion, death and resurrection of Christ).
- It is customary for others to visit seven churches which is called Visita Iglesia and is a Spanish word that means “to visit churches” but some people visit 14 churches to symbolize the 14 stations of the cross.
- Two important biblical events are the primary focus of Maundy Thursday solemnizations and the first event is the washing of the feet (Pedilavium) of the disciples by Jesus as an act of humility and service thereby setting an example that we should love and serve one another in humility (John 13:3-17).
- The second biblical event is the celebration of the Last Supper or the Passover meal wherein Jesus took bread and wine and asked his Father to bless it which form the biblical basis for the practice of Communion (Luke 22:19-20) and many congregations observe a traditional Passover Seder meal and other churches organized a re-enactment of the Last Supper.
- Hymns such as the Pange Lingua, Gloria, or Ubi Caritas, are usually sung in some church services during this time of the year.
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| Washing of the Feet and Last Supper by Duccio (1260–1318) |
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Wednesday, April 16, 2014
Holy Wednesday
- Holy Wednesday is also called Spy Wednesday in Christianity.
- It is called Holy and Great Wednesday in the Eastern and Oriental Orthodox Churches.
- In some sources, it is sometimes known as "Spy Wednesday" which refers to the event of the betrayal of Jesus by Judas Iscariot for thirty silver coins which was described in the three Synoptic Gospels: Matthew 26:14-16, Mark 14:10-12, Luke 22:3-6.
- Another event on this day is the anointing of Jesus with an expensive perfume by a woman who is sometimes referred to as Mary Magdalene in some sources and it can be read in the Gospels of Matthew 26:6-13; Mark 14:3-9; John 12:1-19.
- The Sacrament or Mystery of Holy Unction is celebrated in Orthodox parishes that commemorates the anointing of Christ with myrrh and the service ends with the priest anointing the faithful with holy oil.
- The Holy Unction celebrated on Holy Wednesday is an offering for soul-healing and sin-forgiveness and it is a Sacrament performed ideally by seven priests although it can be performed even by a single priest.
- The biblical basis for the Sacrament is found in James 5:14-16.
- In Eastern Orthodox Churches, the Hymn of Kassani which was written in the 19th century by St. Kassia (Russian saint), is sung from a woman's perspective to commemorate the anointing of Jesus.
- In Czech Republic, this day is traditionally called Ugly Wednesday, Soot-Sweeping Wednesday or Black Wednesday, because chimneys used to be swept on this day, to be clean for Easter.
- In Malta, this day is known as L-Erbgħa tat-Tniebri (Wednesday of Shadows) referring to the liturgical darkness (tenebrae) wherein children in the past went to parish churches and drummed on the chairs to make the sound of thunderstorms, as their version of the strepitus sound at Tenebrae Wednesday.
- In Scandinavia, this day is known as Dymmelonsdagen in which a dymbil is a piece of wood and historically, the metal clapper of the church bells were replaced by these dymbils on Holy Wednesday making a duller sound.
- A Tenebrae (Latin, darkness) is often celebrated on this day although it is frequently celebrated on Maundy Thursday or Good Friday and it is a service wherein all of the candles on an altar table are gradually extinguished until the sanctuary is in complete darkness and at the moment of darkness there is a loud clash that occurs symbolizing the death of Jesus.
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| Anointing of Jesus by William Hole |
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Tuesday, April 15, 2014
Great and Holy Tuesday
- It is also called Holy Tuesday or Great and Holy Tuesday.
- In Greek, Μεγάλη Τρίτη, Megale Trite.
- In the Eastern Orthodox Church and those Eastern Catholic Churches that follow the Byzantine Rite, this day is referred to as Great and Holy Tuesday, or Great Tuesday.
- It commemorates the Parable of the Ten Virgins (Matthew 25:1-13), which forms one of the themes of the first three days of Holy Week, with its teaching about vigilance, and Christ as the Bridegroom.
- It is also said that it was on Tuesday morning that Jesus and his disciples returned to Jerusalem and passed by a withered fig tree on their way wherein Jesus taught them about faith.
- It was also on Tuesday that religious leaders aggressively challenged Jesus' authority and also attempted to ambush him and created an opportunity for his arrest.
- It was on Tuesday afternoon when Jesus left the city and went with his disciples to the Mount of Olives where he gave the Olivet Discourse which is an orderly and extended teaching about the end of the age or the end of times.
- This Olivet Discourse has its reference in Matthew 24:1 – 25:46, Mark 13:1-37 and Luke 21:5-36.
- Jesus ended the Olivet Discourse with four parables and the first parable concerns a wicked servant whose master punishes him upon his return home (Matthew 24:45-51) while the second parable which is the Parable of the Ten Virgins mentions and encourages readiness and watchfulness (25:1-13).
- The other two parables are the story of three servants and their use (or misuse) of finances, which is the third parable, teaches faithfulness in view of the fact that God’s servants must give an account of themselves one day (25:14-30) and the fourth parable is the Parable of the Sheep and Goats which pictures the dividing of the saved from the unsaved at the end of the tribulation before the commencement of Christ’s millennial reign (25:31-46).
- A rare "blood moon tetrad" will be happening today, April 15, 2014 which is a Holy Tuesday for most of the East Coast but already began late Monday evening, April 14, 2014.
- Matthew 26:14-16 in the Scripture indicates that it was on Tuesday that Judas Iscariot negotiated with the Sanhedrin to betray Jesus.
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| Judas Iscariot by Edal Anton Lefterov |
About.Com Christianity
Blood moon eclipses: 2nd Coming in 2015?
Read more at http://www.wnd.com/2008/04/63076/#A8IucbBCcREDuuSO.99
Read more at http://www.wnd.com/2008/04/63076/#A8IucbBCcREDuuSO.99
Monday, April 14, 2014
Great and Holy Monday
- It is also called Holy Monday or Great and Holy Monday.
- In Greek, Μεγάλη Δευτέρα, Megale Deutera.
- It is the third day of Holy Week in Eastern Christianity, after Lazarus Saturday and Palm Sunday.
- It is the second day of Holy Week in Western Christianity, after Palm Sunday.
- One notable event that occurred is the cursing of the fig tree found in Matthew 21:18-22 and Mark 11:20-26 or the commemmoration of the withering of the fruitless fig tree which symbolizes judgement that will befall those who do not bring forth the fruits of repentance or those who think only of outward goodness that does not come from the heart.
- Another notable event that occurred on Holy Monday is the questioning of Jesus' authority found in Matthew 1:23-27.
- A very recognizable event that occurred is the cleansing of the Temple which is a prominent feature of all four Gospel readings wherein Jesus entered the temple courts and drove out all who were buying and selling there and He overturned the tables of the money changers and the benches of those selling doves.
- In the Orthodox Church and those Eastern Catholic Churches that follow the Byzantine Rite, this day is referred to as Great and Holy Monday, or Great Monday.
- In the Orthodox Church, Holy Monday commemorates Joseph the Patriarch, the beloved son of Jacob who is a major figure of the Old Testament in the final section of the Book of Genesis (chs. 37-50).
- This tradition in the Orthodox Church during Holy Monday is a portrayal of Joseph as tipos Christou or as a prototype, prefigurement or image of Christ.
- Commemoration of the story of Joseph by the Orthodox Church during Holy Monday is an illustration of God's providence, promise and redemption.
- Blood Moon Tetrad will occur late evening today, April 14, 2014 which is a Holy Monday. A blood moon tetrad is an event in which the full moon will be darkened by the earth's shadow therefore making the moon look orange or red in color.
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| Lunar Eclipse by Oliver Stein |
References:
About.Com Christianity
Archdiocese of Washington
The Nazarene Way
Archdiocese of Washington
The Nazarene Way
Blood moon eclipses: 2nd Coming in 2015?
Read more at http://www.wnd.com/2008/04/63076/#A8IucbBCcREDuuSO.99
Read more at http://www.wnd.com/2008/04/63076/#A8IucbBCcREDuuSO.99
Sunday, April 13, 2014
12 Things About Palm Sunday
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| People waiting at the Baguio Cathedral Square for the solemn blessing of Palms. |
- It marks the beginning of Holy Week.
- It originated in Jerusalem around the late fourth century (between 378 and 394) where the early Palm Sunday ceremony consisted of the clergy reciting prayers, hymns and sermons that they would read from the gospels concerning the entry of Jesus into Jerusalem. In the early evening the clergy would return to the city while reciting "Blessed is He that comes in the name of the Lord" and children carry palm and olive branches as the people returned through the city back to the church and they would hold evening services.
- The Palm Sunday celebration had spread as far as Constantinople by the fifth century and changes made in the sixth and seventh centuries resulted in two new Palm Sunday tradition.
- The two changes which are (1) the ritual blessing of the palms and (2) a morning procession instead of an evening one, were later adopted by the Western Church in the eighth century and the celebration received the name Dominica in Palmis, Dominica or Dies Palmarum.
- During the biblical times, the regional custom called for kings and nobles arriving in procession to ride on the back of a donkey and it is a symbol of peace or those who rode upon them proclaimed peaceful intentions while the laying of palm branches indicated that the king or dignitary was arriving in victory or triumph.
- Commemoration of the triumphal entrance of Jesus Christ into Jerusalem (Matthew 21:1-9) following His glorious miracle of resurrecting Lazarus from the dead.
- Referred as Palm Sunday because of the palms that were placed in His path.
- Other names for the Feast are Passion Sunday, Sunday of the Passion, Yew Sunday, Branch Sunday, Entry of the Lord Into Jerusalem.
- The biblical story of Palm Sunday can be found in Matthew 21:1-11; Mark 11:1-11; Luke 19:28-44; and John 12:12-19.
- The triumphal entrance was prophesied some 450-500 years earlier by the Prophet Zechariah, "Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion! Shout, O daughter of Jerusalem! Behold, your King is coming to you; He is just and having salvation, Lowly and riding on a donkey, A colt, the foal of a donkey” (Zechariah 9:9).
- The prophecy of Prophet Zechariah was fulfilled according to the Gospels with Jesus riding on a donkey into Jerusalem and the celebrating people laid down their cloaks in front of Him while singing part of Psalm 118: 25–26.
- Palm Sunday is an occasion for a reflection regarding the agony of Passion and the joy of Resurrection in the life of Jesus Christ.
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| 2014 Palm Sunday schedule at Baguio Cathedral. Noticed the Anticipated Palm Sunday in anticipation of the throng of people that will attend the mass and because Baguio is a tourist destination. |
References:
Saturday, April 12, 2014
Lazarus Saturday
Today is Lazarus Saturday or Saturday of Lazarus for the Orthodox Church and Eastern Catholic Churches.
References:
- It is a paschal celebration day before Palm Sunday.
- It connects the celebration of Great Lent and Holy Week.
- It celebrates the resurrection of Lazarus of Bethany glorifying Jesus Christ as the Resurrection and the Life which confirms the universal resurrection of mankind even before His own suffering and death.
- The story of Lazarus' resurrection from the dead by Jesus Christ is found in the Gospel of John 11:1-45.
- It is a fact that the Feast is celebrated the Saturday before the Entry of the Lord into Jerusalem because it actually did occur just before Palm Sunday.
- After the giving of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost, St. Lazarus eventually became bishop of Crete.
- The Saturday of Lazarus is celebrated with the Divine Liturgy of Saint John Chrysostom, which is preceded by the Matins service in the Orthodox Church.
- Lazarus Saturday and Palm Sunday are joyous festivals in the Orthodox Church and bright colors are used for vestments and the Holy Table.
- No Gospel reading is done.
- Spice breads called Lazarakia are made and eaten on this day in the Greek Orthodox Church.
- In the Church Calendar of the Armenian Apostolic Church, the Raising of Lazarus is also commemorated on this same Saturday.
- Lazarus Saturday is also Vrbica (Врбица) or Lazareva Subota is also commemorated by Serbian Orthodox Christians which has its own features and it is also to commemorate Tsar Lazar who died symbolically for Serbia at the Battle of Kosovo. In Serbian, Лазарева субота, Lazarus Saturday and in Bulgarian, Лазаровден).
References:
Saturday of the Holy and Righteous
Friend of Christ, Lazarus - See more at: http://lent.goarch.org/saturday_of_lazarus/learn/#sthash.1gALBhQf.dpuf
Friday, April 11, 2014
Friday of Sorrows
Unofficial to some. Official to others.
- Semana Santa or Holy Week among certain pious Catholic countries like Mexico, Guatemala, Italy, Peru, Brazil, Spain, Malta and Philippines, begins with the celebration of the Viernes de Dolores or Friday of Our Lady of Sorrows (Our Lady of Sorrows' other Marian Titles are Our Lady of Pain, Our Lady of Dolours, Our Lady of Solitude, Our Lady of Patience, Our Lady of Charity (Charity to Jesus), Our Lady of Anguish).
- In some Latin American and Hispanic countries, the day is referred to as Council Friday, which is a day of fasting and abstinence by avoiding meat and dairy products.
- Also the Last Friday of Lent or the Friday before Palm Sunday.
- Also known as Friday of Passion.
- Pious commemoration recounting the sorrows, worrying and sufferings of the Blessed Virgin Mary with Saint Mary Magdalene for Jesus Christ.
- Started in Germany.
- In 1727, Pope Benedict XIII extended the commemoration of the sorrowful Virgin Mary to the whole Latin-rite which is a feast that was originally a Friday celebration during the Passion Week (the week before Good Friday).
- In 1954, the feast was still a major double feast which is slightly lower than the official September 15 feast of the General Roman Calendar.
- In 1962, the feast was reduced to a commemoration by Pope John XXIII.
- In 1969, the Pope considered it as a duplicate or the same with the September 15 feast and it was omitted in the Roman Catholic calendar of saints and it was canonically effective in 1970.
- During the implementation of liturgical changes by the Second Vatican Council, some Catholic bishops modified their liturgical calendar by removing duplicate feasts to avoid unnecessary double celebration in a year which resulted to the abolishment of the Feast of Our Lady of Sorrows on the last Friday of Lent but was replaced with the liturgical celebration every September 15th.
- In 2002, a second Collect (a general prayer of a particular structure used in Christian liturgy) for the Virgin Mary was added to the Friday of the Fifth Week of Lent and was promulgated by Pope John Paul II in the Third Edition of the Roman Missal resulting to a status of feast similar with the 1962 status that the feast previously held.
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